Tailings dry discharge is a new technology of tailings treatment that is gradually emerging at home and abroad, that is, after the tailings slurry is concentrated in multiple stages, it is then treated by high-efficiency dehydration equipment such as dehydration vibrating screens to form a low-water content, easy to settle and solidify, and use the site to stockpile The slag can be transferred to a fixed location for dry storage.

According to different tailings types, particles, concentrations and mud contents, rationally formulate tailings dry discharge process and select tailings dry discharge equipment can minimize the occupied area and save equipment investment under the premise of ensuring dry discharge. Below, I will take you to understand the five common tailings dry discharge process schemes, and help you choose the tailings dry discharge process scheme that suits you.

1. Cyclone-thickener scheme
The beneficiation tailings with a concentration of 10%-20% are fed into the cyclone through the slurry pump, and the overflow of the cyclone is fed into the thickener for concentration of fine-grained particles. The overflow of the thickener is clarified water and returned to the production circulating water Reuse. The combined concentration of cyclone sand settling and concentrator underflow is 45%-50%.
The tailings dry discharge process scheme makes full use of the difference in particle size of tailings, concentrates large particles first, improves the processing capacity of the thickener, reduces the diameter of the thickener, and saves investment, but the concentration of the tailings discharged is not high. High, not easy to dry pile.

2. Filtration scheme
The beneficiation tailings are fed into the thickener, and the underflow of the thickener is fed into the filter, and the filtered filter cake contains 15%-20% water, which can be directly discharged. The overflow water and filtered water of the thickener are returned to the production circulating water for reuse.

The tailings dry discharge process scheme can obtain materials with low water content, so as to achieve the purpose of direct dry discharge and facilitate transportation. It is worth noting that this tailings dry discharge process requires a large-scale thickener, which occupies a large area and requires high investment, so it is not suitable for tailings treatment in large and medium-sized concentrators.

3. Two-stage concentration-filtration scheme
The cyclone is used as a thickening equipment, the tailings slurry is fed into the cyclone, the overflow of the cyclone is fed into the thickener, the bottom flow of the cyclone and the bottom flow of the thickener are combined and fed into the filter, the overflow water of the thickener is filtered The water is returned to the production circulating water for reuse. After filtration, the filter cake contains 15-20% water and can be directly drained.

The advantage of this tailings process scheme is that the one-stage dehydration of the cyclone greatly reduces the workload of the concentrator, can clarify the overflow water of the concentrator, and avoid running muddy, and also reduces the specification of the concentrator and occupies an area. The area is small, which reduces investment costs, but the workload of the filter is large, and it needs to be equipped with a large-size filter or multiple filters, which consumes a lot of energy.

4. Two-stage concentration-dehydration scheme
The beneficiation tailings are fed into the cyclone, the overflow of the cyclone is fed into the thickener, the overflow water of the thickener is returned to the production circulating water for reuse, the bottom flow and concentrated bottom flow of the cyclone are fed into the dehydration screen, and the top of the dewatering screen The water content of the material is 20%-25% for dry discharge, and the undersize is returned to the thickener.

The tailings dry discharge process scheme uses a dewatering screen to dewater, which reduces the filter equipment, saves electricity and reduces investment costs. However, the fine-grained materials under the dehydration sieve are returned to the thickener to form an infinite cycle, which affects the concentration effect, makes the concentrated clarified water run muddy, and finally discharges the undersize of the dehydration sieve into the tailings pond, failing to achieve all dry discharge.

5. Two-stage concentration-stage dehydration and filtration scheme
The beneficiation tailings are fed into the cyclone for gravity separation, the fine particles and water are fed into the thickener, and the clarified water of the thickener is returned to the production circulating water for reuse; the underflow of the cyclone is fed into the dewatering screen, and the oversize of the dewatering screen The water content of 15%-20% is used for dry discharge; the underflow of the sieve and the concentrator is fed into the filter, and the filter cake is separated by the filter cake with a water content of 15%-18% for dry discharge, and the filtered liquid and the cleaning water of the filter are returned The concentrator forms a closed loop.

The tailings dry discharge process scheme uses a cyclone and a dewatering screen to sort and dehydrate coarse and heavy particles before dry discharge, which reduces the workload of the thickener and filter, and correspondingly reduces the specifications of the thickener and filter , small footprint, reduced investment costs. The undersize of the dewatering screen is fed into the filter to ensure solid-liquid separation, which is convenient for all dry discharge, so as to realize long-distance transportation of tailings. The drain and cleaning water of the filter are returned to the concentrator, which not only ensures the content of solid particles in the recycled water, but also meets the quality of the production water.

With the release of the national "Green Mine" standard, the tailings dry discharge process has shown great advantages in terms of economy, environment and safety, and has become an important choice for tailings treatment in the future. In the actual application of the concentrator, it is recommended to choose the tailings dry discharge process plan suitable for the concentrator according to the tailings scale and investment, and tailor the reasonable tailings dry discharge equipment.